Mining-machine



(No Model.)

(No Model. s sheets-sheet 2.

]E..- S. 8v W. A. MOKINLAY.

MINING MACHINE. No.` 457,887. Patented Aug. v18, 1891.

(No Mmm.) s sheets-sheet 3.

E. S. 8v W. A; MOKINLAY.' MINING MACHINE.

No. 457,887. Patented Aug. 18, 1891.

INVENTORS.

ATTORNEYS (No Mode1.\ v 8 She-ts-Sheet 4.

E. S. & W. A. MGKINLAY.

MINING MACHINE.

Patented Aug. 18, 1891.

WM 6MM@ f @MQW (No MNodel.) Sheets-Sheet 5.

E. S. 8v W. A. MGKINLAY.

MINING MACHINE.

No. 457,887. Patented Aug. 18, 1891.

WITNBSSBS: y' INVBNT RS ATTORNEYS (No Model.) 8 Sheets-Sheet 6.

B. s. au W. A. MGKINLAY. MINING MACHINE. No. 457,887. Patented Aug. 18,1891.

WITNESSBS: INVBNTOR,

y@ ww@ ATTORNEYS 8 Sheets- Sheet 7.

(No Model.)

E. s. '8 W. A. MOKINLAY.

MINING MAGHINB.

No. 457,887. Patented Aug. 18, 1891,

ma nofws Pima cm, rma-umn.. wAsmNm-ump. c.

(No Model.) 8 Sheets-Sheet 8,

E. s. a. W. A. MGKINLAY.

MINING MACHINE.

No. 457,887. Patented Aug. 18, 1891.

UNITED STATES PATENT OEEICE.

EDWARD S. MOKINLAY AND VILLIAM A. MCKINLAY, OF SOUTH PUEBLO,

` COLORADO.

MINING-MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 457,887, dated August18, 1891.

Application filed March 15, 1884. Renewed January 22, 1891. Serial No,878.652. (No model.)

To alliwhom it may concern.-

Be it known that we, EDWARD S. MCKIN- LAY and WILLIAM A. MCKVINLAY,citizens of the United States, residing at South Pueblo, in.

the county of Pueblo and State of Colorado, have invented certain newand useful Improvements in Mining-Machines, of which the of the machine.

end. Fig. 3 is aview, partly in side elevation and partly in section,the section being taken through the left-hand side of the machine on` aline corresponding to that indicated byjz/y,

Fig. 1, said line being, however, in said figure,

Fig. 4 is a View, partly in side elevation and partlyin section, of themachine at the frontend, the

on the right-hand side of the machine.

section being taken on line .e2 z2, Fig. 2. Fig.

5 is a cross-section of the machine on theline" x, Fig. 2. Fig. 6 is aview partly in elevation from the rear of t-he machine and partly` insection, the'air-tubes being shown in sec` tion on the line .z z,Fig.'1, and the crank-f wheel support being in section on the line e e',Fig. 1. Fig. 7 shows in perspective one of the cross-sills or braces.Fig. 8 shows in perspective one of the met-al supporting-blocks combinedwith the side tubes. Fig. 9 shows in elevation the end of the cutter-barand of the adjacent parts on a scale larger than that in Fig. 4.-. Fig.10 is a side or face Viewof one of the cutters detached. Fig. ll is anedge view of the same. Fig. 12 shows, in top plan, an arrangement of thefeed and exhaust pipes which may be used for moving the sliding carriageforward and back. Fig. 13 is a View of the same from the rear. tion, onan enlarged scale, of the four-way cock shown in Figs. 12 and 13. Fig.15 is a central horizontal section of that shown in Fig. 14. Fig. 16shows, in top plan, a modified form of the sliding carriage. Fig. 17 isacross-section of the same. Fig. 18 shows the rear end `of one of thefeed-tubes with a modified form of stopper at the rear end. Figs. 19,20, and 21 illustrate a modified form of motorl for driving` and feedingthe cutting apparatus.

A A represent metallic tubes, each extend- Fig. 14 is a secv ingsubstantially the length of the stationary portion of the machine. Ihesetubes are intended to serve as the side connecting parts of the mainframe, and also to serve purposes to be hereinafter set forth. At therear end of the machine the tubes are clamped in castings or blocks,such as shown at A', these blocks being preferably formed substantiallyas shown-that is to say, with outward eXtenv 6o sions d a-there beingbetween these parts a curvilinear recess into which the end of the tubefits. a2 is a metal block fitting against the outer side of the end ofthe tube and adapted to be bolted tightly against the block or casting Aby bolts and nuts, as shown atas. The block or casting A also extendsupwardly to points considerably above the tube for the purpose offorming or mounting therein a steam orair cylinder, and for supportingother /o parts of the mechanism, as will vbe hereinafter set forth.

At the front end each tube A is mounted in a block or casting B, whichhas a curvilinear recess or socket adapted to receive it. 7 5

O represents a cross-brace or sill-piece extending from side to side ofthe machine, it having a horizontalpart c, together withwebs or flangesc', on the lower part, and having an upwardly-extending inwardly-curvedbar 8o or plate c2 c3, the part c3 lying upon the upper side of thecasting or block B and the part c lying below the same.

At c4 there is a through-bolt passing fromy the upper side of the partc3 to the lower side 85 of the part c, and by means of this block orcasting B the bar or sill O and the tube A are firmly clamped together.

c5 represents a supplemental short bolt, which may be driven into athreaded socket 9o in the block or casting B, to assist inclamping` thesame tightly to the bar or sill O.

At points of a sufficient number between the two end fastenings of thetubeA there are arranged other cross tying and bracing=9`5 devices,substantially similar to that above described, for the front end of thetubes. One of these fastening devices is lettered in detail, 'and theparts thereof will be found to correspond substantially to those lastabove loo enumerated-that is to say, there is a block or casting B moreor less surrounding the this class.

tube, a bar or sill C extending from side to side .and extendingupwardly and inwardly at the ends, it being bolted firmly to the blockor casting. In the construction shown,there are three of theseintermediate sets of cross bracing and binding devices, although we donot wish to be limited to any specific number; nor, in fact, are theother parts of the invention limited to any particular devices forconnecting together the two sides of the frame, or of clamping the sidetubes in place, or clamping the bars which might be used in placethereof so far as they operate merely as side supports for the machine;but we have devised this form of cross bracing and binding device toovercome difiiculties which have been experienced in operating machinesof The rest of the main stationary frame is constructed as follows:

D d is a cross bar or beam extending from the front end of one of thetubes A across to the front end of the other, it being preferably of theshape of a T-beam, the cross-web D of which is arranged horizontally. Itis preferably curved,so that the central portion thereof projectsslightly forward, as will be seen by examining Fig. 2.

D D are bars or blocks of metal which rest upon the upper plates or barsc3, which latter constitute parts of the cross bars or sills C, as abovedescribed. l These bars or blocks D are of such height as to fit snuglybelow the flange or web D of the beam D CZ, and the block is bolted tosaid beam, as shown at d.

d d is a bolt bymeans of which the beam and the block D are firmlyfastened in place.

At the opposite or rear end of the machine there is a standard orupright E, adapted to provide one of the bearings for the main shaft orthe devices which operate it, and at a short distance in front thereofthere is a standard E', which furnishes another bearing for the mainshaft, the bar or beam just above described providing the front bearingtherefor. Upon the frame whose part-s are thus constructed and arrangedthere are supported a sliding frame, mechanism for pushing forward andretracting the sliding frame, mechanism on the sliding frame foreffecting the cutting of the material, and mechanism for operating thecutting devicesin'whatever position the cutters may be situated.

'lhe sliding frameis arranged on a horizon- Ytal plane between the topand bottom planes of the stationary frame, and it may be constructedeither of a web or plate or several webs, plates, or bars extending fromside to side of the machine, together with bars or guides at the sidesadapted to fit in ways. Vhen formed of metal in one piece, it has two Tbars or flanges, as shown at F, these being joined by webs or bars F',extending across from one guide flange or bar F to the other. The way inwhich each of these two guide flanges or bars moves is formed in theaforesaid blocksor castings A B B, these havingon their sidesrectangular or other suit- `suitable character.

ably-shaped recesses, as shown at e, These are made sufficiently smoothand arranged true relative to each other, so that the sliding frame canmove forward and back without interference. At each front corner thereis a strong connecting-piece G, which unites the sliding frame to thedevices which move it forward and back. This is preferably made offorged metal. From the front side of each of these connecting-piecesextends a bearingpiece G', in which is mounted the shaft that drives theclearing-chains, as will be described, and from the forward ends of thebearing-pieces G' extend the shoes or bearing-pieces G2, in which aresupported the cutter-shaft.

We will now describe the means which we employfor carrying the slidingframe forward l and back.

H H represent piston rods or tubes mounted within and arranged to travellongitudinally through the tubes A A. Each is at the front end securedto one of the connecting-pieces G by screw-thread or other suitabledevice, and passes through a gland or stuffing-box l'l in the forwardend of its tube A, and this (the gland or stuffing-box) may be of any Atthe rear end the piston-rod carries a head, which tits as tightly aspracticable the tube A; but to insure an airtight fit, a packingmaterial is inserted at H4, which may consist o'f leather or any othersuitable substance. The packing and the piston-rod are held in place bymeans of nuts h h and washers h2, the nuts driving the lOO Washerstoward the piston-head and tending ever, by having it hollow we areenabled to overcome difficulties that are met with in driving devices ofthis character. The air, steam, water, or other elastic agent which isused to drive the piston forward not only presses against the head, butalso exerts its pressure through the whole length of the piston andagainst the surface which closes the forward end thereof. As a resultthe force is exerted to greater advantage, as it is applied nearer tothe points of resistance, and, moreover, tends to pull the piston-rodthrough the tube rather than push it.

The parts are so constructed and related as that there shall beair-chambers H3 at each end of the tube when the piston-head iscompleting its strokes, these tending to prevent the piston from beingdriven against the closing-surfaces at either end, the air in thechambers acting as powerful cushions to prevent the piston from movingtoo far.

The air or driving agent is admitted to one end of the tube A through anaperture J, and

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at the other end through an aperture J.; With these communicate tubesjj, to whichf the air passes from a four-way cock K, the latter havingfour ports k Mk2 Through the, port lo enters the air or other elasticagent employed, and from the port k2 escapes the"v air (or othermaterial)` which has'been exhausted from the tube. A rocking valve 164.;can be so arranged as to throw the feed intor either end and at the sametime permit theexhaust from the' other end through the port k2. With thesupply-pipe at K2, there is combined a pressure-regulator having itsparts so arranged as that thereby the pressure of the air or otherelastic agent can be regulated to correspond to the Work which is beingdone. This may be of any Well-known or preferred style, and thereforeneed not be here shown or described in detail.

The operation of the parts of the device just described will be readilyunderstood.` The valves in the four-way cocks are so adjusted as thatthe air shall enter the rear ends of the tubes A behind the piston, andsaid air, exerting its pressure behind the piston-head and also againstthe closing-surface at the front end of the pistons compels the latterto advance and carry with it the sliding frame F F, together with thecutting apparatus and the means for removing the cutting material. Whenthe sliding frame or carriage has advanced to the full or desired extentof throw,; it is Withdrawn by changing the positions of" the valves inthe four-Way cocks which allowg the air to exhaust from the rear side ofthe pistons and supply it to the front side of the piston-head. It willbe seen that thev area from the front of the piston-head is much less`than that at the rear, and as a result there is less pressure on thereturn movement than during the advance, as much more power isrequiredto carry the frame forward than to withdraw it. Thisl areacan bevaried by using a larger or smaller piston, as will be seen.

Ve will now describe the mechanism by which the cutting is effected, andby means ot' which power is transmitted thereto.

L represents a bar orshaft,which is mounted in the shoes or bearers G2,as aforesaid. This shaft is not circular, butof another shape incross-section. Ve do not wish to be limited to any particular sectionalshape for this bar or shaft, as shapes of many styles can be used whichWill effect the purpose at which I aim. In the construction shown inFigs. 2, 4, and 9, the bar gives in cross-section an equal-armed cross,there being four arms, as shown at Z. Upon this bar or arm there arearranged side by side a series ot' cutters, each having a hub or centralsupporting-piece, together with one or more outwardly-extendingcutter-arms. These arms may be cast with or formed separately from Vandafterward secured to the hub portion. Preferably each is cast with itsparts integral, it being made of very hard iron, chilled, withfourcutting-points dressed by subjection to vthe'action of emery o'rother suitable Way. Instead of this material, use may be made of steelor any other that is desired. As shown, the points or cutting edges ofthe cutter section or Washer are made to differ one from the other. Theone at m is so arranged as to cut along the plane of the right-handface, the one at m cuts along the central plane, the one atm2 cuts alongthe plane of the lefthand face, while the one at m3 has itscuttingedge'substantially parallel-With the axis of rotation, so as toeffect a scraping action over the lines of cut. This overcomesdifficulties which have been experienced inthe use of cutters inmachines of this general class. 'lhe object is to preserve continuallyan uneven or rough surface of material in the lpath of the cutter, asurface of this character being much more easily cut than when a smoothor polished one is made by a series of scraping-cutters, one followinganother. The cutting edges or points of the cutter sections or Washerscan be arranged to extend laterally into the plane of the adjacentsections or cutters, so as to have one point overlap another-and assistit in cutting, so that in case one of the points should be broken ormarred there will not be a stoppage of the cutting action at that point.Such a construction is clearly shown in Figs. 10 and l1.

By a cap or nut on, the ends of the cutterbar the cutter sections orwashers are held in place, and when it is necessary to .change thecutters one of the end caps or nuts can be unscrewed and the cutter-barwithdrawnI from all the Washers, or from as many as it is desired toremove. After new'or sharpened cutter-sections have been substituted,the bar can be shoved back on the line of the IOO central apertures andbe fastened again in place. When the parts are constructed in this way,much of the trouble and inconvenience heretofore experienced inadjusting and setting the knives, the., is obviated.

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At N N are the bearings for theshaft L,

these consisting of flanged collars With central apertures conforming incross-section to the cutter-bar.

On the cutter-bar there are one or more driving Sprocket-Wheels O, andthese may be of any suitable character.

O O are the chains which extend backwardv from these Wheels to thechain-driving shaft O2. This is mounted in bearings at 0o, carried bythe sliding frame F F. The sprocket-wheels O3 arel preferably situatedjust outside of the bearings o, as shown. The shaft-O2 is driven (in themechanism shown) by a worin-wheel P, carried by said shaft,

which receives power from a Worm P above it. This Worm is feathered upona shaft Q, Whichextends from the front .to the rear end ot' thestationary frame. The worm is'carried to and fro along-the shaft bymeans of uprights Q Qsecured to and rising from the sliding frame, onebearing against one end of the wheel and the other against the other.

lWhen the shaft Q is revolved, the worm P revolves with it, which inturn drives the worm-wheel P, and the latter moves the chains 0', andtherefore rotates the cutter-bar L. As the worm P is permanently inengagement with the shaft, no matter what position it may be inlongitudinally of the machine, Athe cutters can be kept constantly`revolving thereby. The shaft Q is, in the construction shown, rotated bya compound trunk-engine, one cylinder being situated upon one side ofthe shaft and the other upon the other. Ve prefer to employ engines ofthe character shown fully and described in another appli cation of ours,and therefore as reference can be made thereto the construction andadvantages of such an engine need not be herein` fully described. Ingeneral, however, it may be said that R R are the cylinders, withinwhich are the trunk-pistons R R. The latter carry the piston-rods R2 R2,pivoted respectively to the crank-pins r, carried by the crank-disks R3R3. The portion Q2 of the shaft is attached to the outer crank disk R3,and is mounted in the bearing at q.

S S are the eccentrics by which the rocking valves are operated, thelatter being situated in the steam-chests S2 S2, respectively, above thecylinders R. The cylinders, as hereinbefore stated, are preferablymounted in upwardly-projecting portions of the rear castings or blocksA. The said castings or blocks of metal may be bored out to providecylinderchambers.

T is a chain driven also bythe shaft O2, and in turn driving the shaftT', which carries the clearer-chains T2, these being adapted to engagewith and draw backward the chips and cuttings thrown out by the cutters.At the rear end the chains are supported in short shafts t' ,carried byyokes T3, adj ustably supported in brackets F4, whose inner ends arebolted to the sliding frame.

In Figs. 14 and 15 we have shown, on an enlarged scale, the partsconstituting the four- Way cock which has been alluded to. By examiningthe said figures it will be seen that the parts thereof are of apeculiar form, whereby they are especially adapted for the work hereintended. The valve proper k* is mounted by means of a shaft or pintle,as shown at h5 k1", the part h5 passing outwardly through a threadedprojection k, andthe part klo projecting in theopposite directionthrough a threaded projection k2.

ks and k2 are threaded caps or closing devices adapted to be fastenedsecurely in place upon the said projections k and k7, and they areprovided with interior sleeves or small cylinders which fit within thethreaded projections k6 and k7 and provide bearings for the parts 105and k1". If desired, a packing material may be inserted inside of theinner ends of the said interior cylinders, so as to make perfectly-tightjoints.

The valve proper k* is tapering and fitted within a tapered recess, thevalve consisting of two end disks and an intermediate plate, which, incross-section, is preferably of the shape shown in Fig. 15.

At k12 a packing can be inserted,and at k there is a nut by means ofwhich the valve can be drawn tightly into its seat. It will be seen thatif any wear should occur upon any of the surfaces depended upon to closethe passage-ways, the wear can be taken up by increasing the tension ofthe nut kw, the conical or tapering form of the valve allowing it to bedrawn more or less downward into the narrower part after wear hasoccurred. To permit the ready insertion of the valve, the part k7 isformed separately from the other parts of the joint and is attachedthereto tightly by means of a screw-thread, as shown clearly in Fig. 14.However, we do not wish to be limited to the details of the arrangementof the pipes by which the air is supplied to and exhausted from thecylinders or the details of the four-way cock, though at presentpreferring the form shown in Figs. 14 and 15; nor do we wish to belimited in all respects to the location and arrangement of thefeed-tubes, for it will be seen that a single tube could be successfullyapplied, especially if it be arranged centrally, the other parts of themachine to be modified in the manner which will be obvious to thoseacquainted with these mechanisms` Moreover, it will be seen that othermotor mechanism can be substituted for the trunk-engines shown. We alsouse electric motors for the purpose of transmitting power to the cuttingmechanism and for operating the air-condensing devices.

The modified form last referred to is illustrated in Figs. 19, 20, and21, wherein are shown the same parts that are shownin Figs. l and 6,except that the motor mentioned above is substituted for the engines insaid figures, it being the common and well-known form of motor shown inPatent No. 271,042 to Curtis and Crocker, and the condensing apparatusfor the air above -referred to is also illustrated, it being a commonform of vcompressing-cylinder. The air-pipes in Fig. 2l are the same asthose in Fig. 12. However, We do not herein claim these features-to wit,those relating to the electric motor for rotating and advancing thecutters.

A motor lof the character last indicated is in many mining regions amatter of great ad- IOO IIO

vantage, as the power can be carried to the but reserve to ourselves theright to claim all novel matters lrelating thereto in another application. Nor do we herein claim anything Izq -eXcept what isspecifically set forth in the as feed-cylinders; also, to the featuresof con-k struction relating to the feed piston-rods; also, to thearrangementv of the engines by wvhich the cutters are operated, and alsot0 the use in mining-machines of this character of an elastic feed byair-pressure, tbc.

We are aware of the fact that heretofore use has been made of devicesfor feeding forward a drill by means of hydraulic pressure.

In the mechanisms alluded to a vertical frame has been employed to whichhave been clamped vertically-arranged feeding-cylinders and also asupport for a revolving and advancing drill-shaft, the latter beingsupported entirely independently of the feedcyllnders and carryingcutters revolving in a plane transverse to the axes of the feed-tubes.

In our construction the tubes at the sides of the machine are utilizedas the connecting and supporting devices of a frame for receiving thelateral or transverse and especially the downwardy pressure and thrustof the sliding frame,said tubes, in fact, constituting the mostimportant part of the stationary frame,and the removal of either of themwould necessitate the taking of the machine to pieces, substantially,which demonstrates the intimate correlation between these tubularconnecting-pieces (as being the essential part of the supportingframe)and a sliding cutter-framesupported thereon. By having the sideconnectingpieces made tubular we gain the advantage of great increase ofstrength for resistinglateral strains and pressure in proportion to theweight of metal employed in their construction, and we believe ourselvesto be the first to have constructed a mining-machine of the generalcharacter of ours with a frame having this great advantage incident toit.

In the drilling mechanisms heretofore employed and above alluded to, themain frame was constructed and acted in relation to the sliding partentirely independently of its relations to the feed-tubes, it being, infact, a third structure in the apparatus, whereas in our mechanism thereis no such independent frame. Again, in these drilling-machines referredto the feed-cylinders have been arranged vertically, and there has beenno special aim to brace them together strongly at the rear ends as wellas at the forward, they not requiring such connection owing to theirpeculiar relationship to the other parts of the machine. We provide astrong bracing from end to end in order that' the comparatively widesliding frame shall be properly supported upon them without .'the dangerof binding or cramping at any point. In accomplishing this we prefer toutilize the devices which support the engine, said devices beingprovided with apertures suitable for receiving the rear ends ofthetubes. Other equivalent means, however, in place thereof can be used,and, in fact, we do not desire the other features of the invention tovbe limited to those manifested by the feed-tubes and which have beenabove set forth.

We are also aware of the fact that use has been made of piston-rodscontaining interior chambers and slotted Walls for the purpose of havingsaid walls forced outward by the pressure of the driving agent; but theconstructions embodying these features are not analogous to thefeed-tubes, pistons, and piston-rods in our case. We accomplish severalends by the tubular piston-rods which We have shown. In the first placewe make it possible to apply the pressure atpoints sufficiently farforward to prevent to a very material extent straining, binding, orcramping any of the parts, and this is a matter of great advantage whena ,long travel is to be accomplished. Again, regardless of theparticular point at which power is applied, we by using hollow pistonsof enlarged diameter preserve the rquisite strength in the rod proper,and at the same time greatly reduce the area of pressure during thereturn travel.

IVe prefer to have the piston made of a tube running from thepiston-head forward far enough to permit it to be during the most of theforward travel in front of the front end of the cylinder. v

We do not claim any of the inventions shown or described in the patentin the British patent to Vm. Mather and F. M. Lechner, No. 3,095, of1881, being aware of the fact that there is more or less similarity ofconstruction so far as relates to having the engines arrangedhorizontally and gearing the crankshaft directly to the chain-drivingshaft, a1- though it will be noted that there is a radical diiference inthat the engines in our machine are on the stationary bed and are notmounted on the carriage, as shown and described in the said Britishpatent.

We do not herein claim anything relating specifically to the combinationwith the other parts of the machine or any of them of the electricmotor.

l. The combination, with the sliding frame and the stationary framehaving longitudinal connecting-pieces at the side, of thesupporting-blocks B, lying partly below and partly inside of the saidconnecting-pieces of-fthe stationary frame, cach block having anaperture or recess upon one side to receive said longitudinalconnecting-piece,and a way upon the other side for guiding the slidingframe, substantially as set forth.

2. The combination,with the sliding frame and the stationary framehaving the longitudinal connecting-pieces at the sides, of thesupporting-blocks partly below and partly inside of said longitudinalconnecting-pieces, each block having an aperture or recess upon one sideto receive one of said longitudinal connecting-pieces and a way upon theother side IOO for guiding the sliding frame, and the crossgirts @whichsupport the blocks B and at the ends are turned upward and clamped tothe said side longitudinal connecting-pieces of the stationary frame.

3. The combination, with the horizontallyslidingr and non-rotating frameand the stationary frame having the longitudinal connecting-pieces atthesides, of the cross-braces having the central parts thereof below thesaid side longitudinal connecting-pieces, and the detachable blocks B,independent of each other and interposed between the said sidelongitudinal connecting-pieces and the crossbraces and clamps whichsecure together the braces, the blocks, and the said side longitudinalconnecting-pieces, substantially as set forth.

vpieces, the supports for the front ends of the said side longitudinalconnecting-pieces, the blocks A A at the rear ends of the said con-`necting-pieoes having apertures or openings to receive the clamps, theengine supported upon said blocks, and the plates or braces a2, situatedin the said apertures or openings for clamping the said sidelongitudinal connecting-pieces.

In testimony whereof we ax our signatures in presence of two witnesses.v

i EDWARD S. MCKINLAY. lVILLIAM A. MCKINLAY. Witnesses:

F. C. LAKE, W. R. GREGG.

